Autism » Autism Spectrum Disorder
Another view of these disorders is that they are on a continuum known
as autistic spectrum disorders. Another related continuum is Sensory Integration
Dysfunction, which is about how well we integrate the information we receive
from our senses. Autism, Asperger's syndrome, and Sensory Integration
Dysfunction are all closely related and overlap.
Some high-achieving individuals are thought to have had some form of
autism. However, this may be a favoured diagnosis due to the high current
visibility of autism in the popular press.
There are two main manifestations of classical autism, regressive autism
and early infantile autism. Early infantile autism is present at birth
while regressive autism begins at approximately 18 months. There are also
cases of children developing normally from birth but regressing around
the age of 18 months, causing some degree of controversy as to when the
neurological difference involved in autism truly began. Read more about Rare Autism spectrum disorders.
Adults with an autism spectrum disorder:
Some autistic adults, especially those with high-functioning autism or
with Asperger's syndrome, are able to work successfully in mainstream
jobs (though many are unemployed). Nevertheless, communication and social
problems often cause difficulties in many areas of life.
Many other autistics are capable of employment in sheltered workshops
under the supervision of managers trained in working with persons with
disabilities. A nurturing environment at home, at school, and later in
job training and at work, helps autistic people continue to learn and
to develop throughout their lives.
In the United States, the public schools' responsibility for providing
services ends when the autistic person is in their 20s, depending on each
state. The family is then faced with the challenge of finding living arrangements
and employment to match the particular needs of their adult child, as
well as the programs and facilities that can provide support services
to achieve these goals.
|